Calculate Compound Annual Growth Rate from beginning and ending values. Solve for end value, start value, or years. Compare to benchmarks.
Solve For
Measured values
Enter the actual ending value. Contributions are cash invested, not returns.
Annual-realization illustration: positive capital gains and dividends are taxed at the entered rate each year. Losses receive no tax credit. The projection compounds the initial balance only; it excludes contributions, tax deferral, and different dividend tax rates.
At most 126 dated deposits or withdrawals, between the start and end dates. Each amount is positive; the investor sign is assigned by its type. Dated amounts are limited to $1 trillion each and the interval to 200 years.
Date
Type
Amount (USD)
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The old save did not record its number format. Review only these ambiguous amounts. All other saved inputs are retained.
CAGR
9.60%
$10,000 → $25,000 in 10 years
Annualized result
9.60%
Real annualized result
6.41%
Total Return
150.0%
Total Gain
$15,000
Doubling Time
7.2 yrs
MOIC
2.50×
IRR (w/ contributions)
—
Illustrative After-Tax Return → FV
—
Growth Curve
%Entered assumptions, not inferred historical risk or a forecast.
Actual endpoints are marked. The connecting constant-growth path is illustrative. Cash-flow markers are signed investor transactions, not observed account balances.
Endpoint/path details
Elapsed years
Value (USD)
Provenance
Growth (USD)
Complete measurement receipt and cash-flow ledger
Separate hypothetical future projections
These scenarios use the entered starting value and regular contribution assumptions. They do not overwrite the actual ending value and are not measured investment performance.
Assumed annual rate
5 Years
10 Years
20 Years
30 Years
Sensitivity — CAGR × Years
Terminal value of your starting capital across a range of growth rates and horizons. Your CAGR row is highlighted; cells are tinted by value.
Illustrative rate assumptions
Same-capital, same-horizon illustrations
Illustrative assumption
Annual rate
$10k in 10 yrs
Rate difference (percentage points)
Terminal Value Comparison
These are user-selectable illustrative rates, not current quotes or historical asset returns. Differences are mathematical comparisons, not investment rankings.
Endpoint investment comparison
Enter up to three no-external-flow investments. Relative performance is compared only for exactly matching elapsed years. Different periods remain explicitly unmatched; no ranking is inferred.
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Goal Seeker
Reverse-engineer the growth rate or future value needed to hit your financial targets.
Double My Money
What CAGR do I need to double my investment in N years?
Reach a Target
What CAGR do I need to grow from $X to $Y in N years?
Project My Growth
What will my investment be worth growing at X% per year?
Illustrative elapsed-time scenario
Apply an explicitly illustrative constant rate over entered elapsed years, without claiming an actual historical investment return.
CAGR is the constant annual rate connecting the entered endpoints. The dashed path is illustrative; no intermediate history, arithmetic average or risk grade is inferred.
2
Cash-flow schedule
Money-weighted return uses the actual initial value, signed investor cash flows and actual terminal receipt. Deposits are negative; withdrawals are positive. Cash-flow markers are not an account-value history. Regular contributions use equal monthly periods and the selected beginning/end timing, with the actual terminal value. This is a conventional monthly IRR model, separate from dated Actual/365.
3
Annualized result
Dated flows use Actual/365 and a bounded numerical root search. Multiple, absent or unstable candidates do not establish a unique return; no mathematical completeness outside the displayed bounds is claimed.
4
Private state and reviewed sharing
Edits do not write financial values to the URL or storage. Remember is optional. Review a clean or financial URL before copying. A recognized old save can be read without changing its original bytes.
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Reference
Formula & Methodology
3 formulas▸
Endpoint CAGR
CAGR = exp((ln(EV) − ln(BV)) / years) − 1
CAGR is the constant annual rate connecting the entered endpoints. The dashed path is illustrative; no intermediate history, arithmetic average or risk grade is inferred.
Measured money-weighted return
Σ CF_i / (1 + r)^(d_i / 365) = 0
Dated flows use Actual/365 and a bounded numerical root search. Multiple, absent or unstable candidates do not establish a unique return; no mathematical completeness outside the displayed bounds is claimed. Actual/365 divides actual elapsed UTC calendar days by365, including leap days. It is different from the equal monthly periods used by regular contributions.
Reviewer: Calculover Editorial Review - Source and limitation review
Last reviewed: 2026-05-10
Last verified: 2026-05-10
Data effective: 2026-05-10
Methodology
Choose the measure that matches the entered evidence. Endpoint CAGR needs actual beginning/ending values and elapsed time, with no external flows. Money-weighted return also needs every deposit and withdrawal with its timing. Neither reconstructs missing account history.
Assumption: CAGR is the constant annual rate connecting the entered endpoints. The dashed path is illustrative; no intermediate history, arithmetic average or risk grade is inferred.
Assumption: Regular contributions use equal monthly periods and the selected beginning/end timing, with the actual terminal value. This is a conventional monthly IRR model, separate from dated Actual/365.
Assumption: Actual/365 divides actual elapsed UTC calendar days by365, including leap days. It is different from the equal monthly periods used by regular contributions.
Assumption: The optional tax illustration realizes positive capital gains and dividends annually at one entered tax rate, gives no loss credit and compounds the initial balance only. It excludes contributions and tax deferral. The separate seeded simulation uses an entered arithmetic mean and volatility; no score or market risk is inferred from endpoints.
Limitations & guidance
Dated flows use Actual/365 and a bounded numerical root search. Multiple, absent or unstable candidates do not establish a unique return; no mathematical completeness outside the displayed bounds is claimed.
Constant inflation and tax assumptions are illustrations. Figures use finite-precision arithmetic; this is not a quote, forecast or investment recommendation.
Professional guidance: CAGR Calculator is for investment math education only and is not investment, tax, legal, or financial advice. Consider risk, fees, taxes, and suitability before acting.
Endpoint CAGR ↗CAGR is the constant annual rate connecting the entered endpoints. The dashed path is illustrative; no intermediate history, arithmetic average or risk grade is inferred.
Measured money-weighted return ↗Money-weighted return uses the actual initial value, signed investor cash flows and actual terminal receipt. Deposits are negative; withdrawals are positive. Cash-flow markers are not an account-value history.
Actual/365 ↗Actual/365 divides actual elapsed UTC calendar days by365, including leap days. It is different from the equal monthly periods used by regular contributions.
Total return on paid-in amounts ↗Total return compares total receipts with total paid-in cash; it is not annualized. For endpoint-only measurement it is ending value divided by beginning value, minus one.
Arithmetic average ↗Endpoint values cannot determine an arithmetic average, volatility or risk grade.
Hypothetical projection ↗This is a future constant-rate illustration, not measured investment performance. Deposits do not overwrite the actual ending-value input.
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Scenarios
Real-World Examples
3 worked examples▸
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Alex
Positive endpoint growth
Beginning value (USD) 100 USDActual ending value (USD) 121 USDElapsed years 2
100 grows to121 in2years without external flows: CAGR10%, total return21%. The connecting curve is an illustration, not observed annual returns.
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Sam
Negative endpoint growth
Beginning value (USD) 100 USDActual ending value (USD) 81 USDElapsed years 2
100 falls to81 in2years without external flows: CAGR−10%, total return−19%. A zero ending value would instead be a total loss and−100% endpoint CAGR.
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Ari
Deposits are not gains
Beginning value (USD) 100 USDDeposit 24 × 10 USDActual ending value (USD) 340 USDElapsed years 2
Initial100 plus24monthly deposits of10 and actual ending value340 gives0% annualized money-weighted return for either monthly timing. The investor paid in340 and received340; the deposits were not investment gains.
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Reference
Cite This Calculator
APA & MLA▸
Use either format to cite this calculator in a paper, report, or resource list.
Choose the measure that matches the entered evidence. Endpoint CAGR needs actual beginning/ending values and elapsed time, with no external flows. Money-weighted return also needs every deposit and withdrawal with its timing. Neither reconstructs missing account history.
Measurement
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CAGR is the constant annual rate connecting the entered endpoints. The dashed path is illustrative; no intermediate history, arithmetic average or risk grade is inferred.
Money-weighted return uses the actual initial value, signed investor cash flows and actual terminal receipt. Deposits are negative; withdrawals are positive. Cash-flow markers are not an account-value history.
Cash-flow schedule
▸
Actual/365 divides actual elapsed UTC calendar days by365, including leap days. It is different from the equal monthly periods used by regular contributions.
Dated flows use Actual/365 and a bounded numerical root search. Multiple, absent or unstable candidates do not establish a unique return; no mathematical completeness outside the displayed bounds is claimed.
Tax and simulation assumptions
▸
The optional tax illustration realizes positive capital gains and dividends annually at one entered tax rate, gives no loss credit and compounds the initial balance only. It excludes contributions and tax deferral. The separate seeded simulation uses an entered arithmetic mean and volatility; no score or market risk is inferred from endpoints.
Constant inflation and tax assumptions are illustrations. Figures use finite-precision arithmetic; this is not a quote, forecast or investment recommendation.
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Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
5 questions▸
Can I rank different holding periods by CAGR alone?+
Exactly matched elapsed years and endpoint-only convention. Rate differences are comparisons, not recommendations. Unmatched elapsed years: the results describe different periods. No relative performance ranking is made.
What changes when I add deposits or withdrawals?+
Money-weighted return uses the actual initial value, signed investor cash flows and actual terminal receipt. Deposits are negative; withdrawals are positive. Cash-flow markers are not an account-value history. Regular contributions use equal monthly periods and the selected beginning/end timing, with the actual terminal value. This is a conventional monthly IRR model, separate from dated Actual/365.
Why might no single money-weighted return be shown?+
Dated flows use Actual/365 and a bounded numerical root search. Multiple, absent or unstable candidates do not establish a unique return; no mathematical completeness outside the displayed bounds is claimed.
What happens if the actual ending value is zero?+
The ending value is zero: endpoint CAGR is−100%. The dates of losses within the period are unknown. With external flows, use the complete signed ledger: earlier withdrawals can change the money-weighted result even if the final account balance is zero.
How are previous saves and shared inputs handled?+
Edits do not write financial values to the URL or storage. Remember is optional. Review a clean or financial URL before copying. A recognized old save can be read without changing its original bytes. The previous save did not record its number format. Choose only the ambiguous amounts below. Other saved inputs and the original stored record are retained.
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